The relevance of Scorecard in Disaster Mitigation
In recent years, there have been numerous cases of deaths due to hazards associated with climate change.The issue of risk vulnerability is, however, inadequately addressed, thus making some communities at a higher risk to hazards than others. One major cause of this state is the poorly integration of various initiatives developed to help address the vulnerability. This study was conducted to propose the formulation of a scorecard that assesses the need to integrate respective resilience initiatives to place a community better in terms of disaster preparedness and resilience.
When developing disaster mitigation and resilience programs, it becomes clear that some groups of people and communities are at higher risks of disaster on the face of climate change. This is consequential by them living in flood-prone areas, for instance, or low preparedness in coping with the hazards. Various challenges emerge in defining and mapping socially vulnerable population in disaster risk assessment frameworks. This research points out that for efficiency, a scorecard should not sorely depend on the plans by the government since these are mainly concerned with land use and development in the hazard areas(Berke, Newman, Lee, Combs, Kolosna & Salvesen, 2015). The research also notes that most of the programs coined in by the government are aimed at developing the vulnerable areas and coordinating on land use. Each place, for example, in the united states, is aligned with standalone local plans that decreases a community vulnerability to hazards. Such initiatives are usually set depending on the specific needs of the community and are mainly governed by how and where a community grows.
The scorecard initiative
The scorecard initiative recognizes the fragmentation and poor integration of mitigation planning practices and builds on this. The described conceptual framework is aimed at improving the local plans in ways effective at reducing the losses experienced due to hazards. This scorecard points the various stakeholders on the local plans that may be conflicting and the individual opportunities of integrating the efforts to produce better results and seal the loopholes presented by different initiatives. One advantage of this scorecard is that it acknowledges both the social and physical vulnerability and address them uniformly(Berke, Newman, Lee, Combs, Kolosna & Salvesen, 2015). Initially, the scorecard assesses the level of integration between existing plans to reduce vulnerability insociety. This follows the geographical divisions instituted by individual plan and yields a score on the level of integration. The scorecard also enables the stakeholders to compare, on the one hand, the degree of integration of local plans with levels of hazard vulnerability in individual geographical locations. With this information, the planner can then project the community resilience to hazards in light of the assessed reports.
The report selects Washington city to determine the effectiveness of a scorecard in addressing vulnerability plans. Washington is initially identified as having significant social and physical vulnerability due to the occasional rise in sea level, and the economy is directly affected by this factor. The scorecard utilizes three phases which then gives scores on the level of integration of the vulnerability for current hazards and future climate change(Berke, Newman, Lee, Combs, Kolosna & Salvesen, 2015). The scorecard guides planners in asking questions on priority projects and policies that may uniformly reduce the vulnerability across the communities. A scorecard is, therefore, a more effective means of facilitating the coordination of efforts towards mitigating impacts of hazards.
Discussion question. Should the existing mitigation policies be revised to address the changing nature of hazards in society?
References
Berke, P., Newman, G., Lee, J., Combs, T., Kolosna, C., & Salvesen, D. (2015). Evaluation of networks of plans and vulnerability to hazards and climate change: A resilience scorecard. Journal of the American Planning Association, 81(4), 287-302.
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