Categories of White Collar Crime
Categories of White-Collar Crime:
Best way to re-coup losses
Occupational crimes vs. vocational crimes comparison
Elements of political white-collar crime
The increase in white collar financial, political and cybercrime is observed. The extensive usage of technology for trading and business has also instigated escalation of cybercrime activities. The businesses and individuals are prone to numerous risks of financial losses through white collar crimes. The laws and regulation to reduce white collar internet crime should be improved and implemented. The process of recoup of losses for victims of cybercrime is complicated and time consuming. It requires adequate measures for dressing of the grievances. The involvement of political parties in personal and political white collar crimes are challenges for effective legal system. The economic conditions and lack of jobs leads to vocational crimes.
White-collar legislation:
There are multiple types of white-collar crime and case law has recognized several types. It is evident that insider trading has been recognized well before other cybercrimes as an important type of white-collar crime. The provisions of law as well as the remedies available for white-collar crime are developed and improved frequently in today’s world. The changes in technology and online presence of shopping, trading, and e-commerce activity is also prone to fraud and numerous other crimes. The online identities are used in several ways by criminals to unlawfully damage the financial, business, and trade position of individuals and corporations (Friedrichs, 2009).
It is observed that case lawsprovide a consequential foundation for defining the scope and legal remedies of white-collar crimes. However the latest legislation is perused in terms of highly effective measures for internet fraud. It is also categorized as white-collar crime. The laws developed should be in line with the motive to provide required dressing of graveness of the victims. The role of executive branch for improving the implementation of white-collar crime cannot be underestimated (Friedrichs, 2009). There had been several improvements since the inception of cybercrime laws. The unlawful access, sharing, usage, and damage of identity should be brought under strict implications.
According to Friedrichs (2009) antitrust laws, monopolistic practices, unlawful use of information for financial or information gain should be strictly implemented. The white-collar criminals should be prosecuted under strict legal conditions. It is also noted that white-collared criminals has a large amount of resources at their disposal. It also allows them to find ways in deceiving the system. The white-collard crimes are more dangerous in financial and business terms. The increasing amount of financial frauds and business crimes can only be controlled through effective law making. The white collar criminal laws should consider the dressing of grievances in accordance with the financial and credibility losses experienced by the victims.
Best way to re-coup losses:
The increased usage of internet and cyber means to do business is prone to fraud at multiple levels. It is highly recommended to follow security measures in e-shopping and sharing of personal information regarding identification numbers, bank accounts, and social security identifications. The criminals use multiple ways to peruse their fraudulent desires. It is also noted that it is a trivial process to re-coup losses. Therefore the requirement for appropriate system for information security is required (Herring, 2007). According to Furnell (2005) the increase in internet fraud is observed by the Internet Fraud Complaint Centre in United States. 48,252 complaints are filed with the center in 2002 with an aggregate of $17 million losses. The survey results in 2003 reveals that over 50% of the white collar c rimes are observed as acts of employees. The misuse of information systems and requirements of information security are increasing with the passing time.
The usage of private investigators in intent crime is a usual practice followed by a number of individuals and companies. The recoup in case of Bernard Madoff is also investigated through private investigators. The financial statement fraud is found to be perpetrated by Enron and Ponzi. It is also evident that internet-based sharing of information has been under strict scrutiny by the legal framework of penalties developed by the Health Information Security. The penalties posed for unlawful access and sharing of information after noncompliance with the legal system allows the victims to recoup the losses in effective manner. According to Chander, Gelman, andRadin (2008) the LinkCo Inc. VS Fujitsu Ltd. is also a notable example of the case in which the company obtained a wrongful coup of losses as per their claim in the court it is also important to note that in some cases a wrongful judgment can be passed if it is not appropriately contested.
Occupational crimes vs. vocational crimes comparison:
The occupational crimes are also categorized as career crimes. It is observed that at first place the criminals pursue the crimes for gains including the property crimes. The supplementary income gained through perusal of the crimes is also noted as the individuals require exciting income gains at the beginning of their careers as criminals. The matter of legitimacy and illegitimate income are least concerned by these criminals. These criminals also make a part of their income through these activities and later they also tend to generate hefty amounts of income from organized crimes including property and other finical gains. The career criminals peruse their income means through taking part in illegal activities. There is an increased risk in perusing criminal career in terms of arrest and conviction. However these criminals adopted multiple means to safeguard their chances of being arrested and conviction. One of the most important factors in career criminology is regarding the perusal of activities and increase in the amount of crimes over time. The career criminals are associated with the fallow offenders and perceive their crimes as means of earning the required amounts for social as well as financial appraisal. The acquisition of techniques and technology to perform crimes is also a significant element of their career path. These individuals use multiple means to adopt and acquire techniques for pursuing their careers to ultimate heights (Xu, Pang, & Huo, 2010).
However on the contrary the vocational criminals have a different attribute towards crime. They peruse their activities under different circumstances (Xu et al., 2010). The stages in life are also relevant to define the relationship between criminal activities as well as the desire to make criminal activities as their careers. The vocational criminals are usually involved in small scale of activities and they are not in possession of latest techniques as well as the technology. The targets of the vocational criminals are mostly observed as vulnerable and it is also observed that they only pursue the acts of crime as a means to support their desires. The small scale crimes are also associated with vocational criminals. The overall economic, business, and job market conditions are also a notable factor in promoting vocational criminals. Availability of appropriate education, job training courses, provisions of vocational trainings for gaining jobs, and availability of part time jobs for youth can reduce the amount of vocational crimes (Miller, 2009). It is not the case in career criminals.
Elements of political white-collar crime:
Friedrichs (2009) concludes that the political crime is committed ion behalf of political parties. The element of personal gain is not present in the perusal of political white collar crimes. The western democratic system also bares multiple flaws. The system eliminates the possibility of a one party system however the two parties’ competition is also a reason to promote political corruption. The involvement of Politian in white collar crimes for personal gains is also observed in democratic countries. The involvement of these lawmakers in criminal activities poses a great deal of challenge for the system. It also allows them not to develop strict laws to reduce and prosecute criminals.
The political crimes of white collar nature are also defined in terms of individual gains for economic enrichment. The second most relevant term is regarding the gain of political advantage for the party or a group within the party. All these political criminal elements combined pose a challenge for the system. This challenge is transferred into the efforts for making effective laws to restrain white collar crimes in the countries.
Conclusion:
The requirements for strict laws to reduce the amount of white collar crimes especially cybercrimes are required. The criminal behaviors can be divided into career criminals and vocational crimes. The usage of latest techniques and technology are associated with the career criminals. Both are distinct in their approach towards perusal of the activities. The personal gains and political crimes of notable parties in western democratic system pose a challenge for development of effective laws to reduce white collar crimes in the society.
References:
Chander, A., Gelman, L., & Radin, M.J. (2008). Securing privacy in the Internet age.USA: Stanford University Press.
Friedrichs, D.O. (2009). Trusted criminals: White collar crime in contemporary society. Wadsworth Publishing Company.
Furnell, S. (2005). Computer insecurity: Risking the system. USA: Springer.
Herring, M.K. (2007).Fool’s Gold: Why the Internet Is No Substitute for a Library. USA: McFarland Company Inc. Publishers.
Lewis, L.S. (2011). Con Game: Bernard Madoff and His Victims. USA: Transaction Publishers.
Miller, J.M. (Ed.). (2009). 21st century criminology: a reference handbook. SAGE Publications, Incorporated.
Xu, R., Pang, W., & Huo, Q. (2010). Modern inorganic synthetic chemistry.Elsevier.
Get Professional Assignment Help Cheaply
Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?
Whichever your reason is, it is valid! You can get professional academic help from our service at affordable rates. We have a team of professional academic writers who can handle all your assignments.
Why Choose Our Academic Writing Service?
- Plagiarism free papers
- Timely delivery
- Any deadline
- Skilled, Experienced Native English Writers
- Subject-relevant academic writer
- Adherence to paper instructions
- Ability to tackle bulk assignments
- Reasonable prices
- 24/7 Customer Support
- Get superb grades consistently
Online Academic Help With Different Subjects
Literature
Students barely have time to read. We got you! Have your literature essay or book review written without having the hassle of reading the book. You can get your literature paper custom-written for you by our literature specialists.
Finance
Do you struggle with finance? No need to torture yourself if finance is not your cup of tea. You can order your finance paper from our academic writing service and get 100% original work from competent finance experts.
Computer science
Computer science is a tough subject. Fortunately, our computer science experts are up to the match. No need to stress and have sleepless nights. Our academic writers will tackle all your computer science assignments and deliver them on time. Let us handle all your python, java, ruby, JavaScript, php , C+ assignments!
Psychology
While psychology may be an interesting subject, you may lack sufficient time to handle your assignments. Don’t despair; by using our academic writing service, you can be assured of perfect grades. Moreover, your grades will be consistent.
Engineering
Engineering is quite a demanding subject. Students face a lot of pressure and barely have enough time to do what they love to do. Our academic writing service got you covered! Our engineering specialists follow the paper instructions and ensure timely delivery of the paper.
Nursing
In the nursing course, you may have difficulties with literature reviews, annotated bibliographies, critical essays, and other assignments. Our nursing assignment writers will offer you professional nursing paper help at low prices.
Sociology
Truth be told, sociology papers can be quite exhausting. Our academic writing service relieves you of fatigue, pressure, and stress. You can relax and have peace of mind as our academic writers handle your sociology assignment.
Business
We take pride in having some of the best business writers in the industry. Our business writers have a lot of experience in the field. They are reliable, and you can be assured of a high-grade paper. They are able to handle business papers of any subject, length, deadline, and difficulty!
Statistics
We boast of having some of the most experienced statistics experts in the industry. Our statistics experts have diverse skills, expertise, and knowledge to handle any kind of assignment. They have access to all kinds of software to get your assignment done.
Law
Writing a law essay may prove to be an insurmountable obstacle, especially when you need to know the peculiarities of the legislative framework. Take advantage of our top-notch law specialists and get superb grades and 100% satisfaction.
What discipline/subjects do you deal in?
We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. They have been drawn from across all disciplines, and orders are assigned to those writers believed to be the best in the field. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. As long as your instructions are clear, just trust we shall deliver irrespective of the discipline.
Are your writers competent enough to handle my paper?
Our essay writers are graduates with bachelor's, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college degree. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. We have a stringent recruitment process to ensure that we get only the most competent essay writers in the industry. We also ensure that the writers are handsomely compensated for their value. The majority of our writers are native English speakers. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable.
What if I don’t like the paper?
There is a very low likelihood that you won’t like the paper.
Reasons being:
- When assigning your order, we match the paper’s discipline with the writer’s field/specialization. Since all our writers are graduates, we match the paper’s subject with the field the writer studied. For instance, if it’s a nursing paper, only a nursing graduate and writer will handle it. Furthermore, all our writers have academic writing experience and top-notch research skills.
- We have a quality assurance that reviews the paper before it gets to you. As such, we ensure that you get a paper that meets the required standard and will most definitely make the grade.
In the event that you don’t like your paper:
- The writer will revise the paper up to your pleasing. You have unlimited revisions. You simply need to highlight what specifically you don’t like about the paper, and the writer will make the amendments. The paper will be revised until you are satisfied. Revisions are free of charge
- We will have a different writer write the paper from scratch.
- Last resort, if the above does not work, we will refund your money.
Will the professor find out I didn’t write the paper myself?
Not at all. All papers are written from scratch. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results.
What if the paper is plagiarized?
We check all papers for plagiarism before we submit them. We use powerful plagiarism checking software such as SafeAssign, LopesWrite, and Turnitin. We also upload the plagiarism report so that you can review it. We understand that plagiarism is academic suicide. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. Furthermore, we do not sell or use prewritten papers, and each paper is written from scratch.
When will I get my paper?
You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. All papers are delivered within the deadline. We are well aware that we operate in a time-sensitive industry. As such, we have laid out strategies to ensure that the client receives the paper on time and they never miss the deadline. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. We work on beating deadlines by huge margins in order to ensure that you have ample time to review the paper before you submit it.
Will anyone find out that I used your services?
We have a privacy and confidentiality policy that guides our work. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. Noone will ever know that you used our assignment help services. It’s only between you and us. We are bound by our policies to protect the customer’s identity and information. All your information, such as your names, phone number, email, order information, and so on, are protected. We have robust security systems that ensure that your data is protected. Hacking our systems is close to impossible, and it has never happened.
How our Assignment Help Service Works
1. Place an order
You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.
2. Pay for the order
Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.
3. Track the progress
You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.
4. Download the paper
The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.
PLACE THIS ORDER OR A SIMILAR ORDER WITH US TODAY AND GET A PERFECT SCORE!!!
